Evaluative Report

Luxury, beauty, refinement, sensuality, elegance -silk is synonymous with all of these qualities. Silk fabric has unique properties. Silk - a whole culture, the history of which more than one millennium. It was praised for his life and gave great wealth, studied it and want to get the great rulers of antiquity. And today silk became available to almost everyone, from what has not lost its value, relevance and appeal. I chose silk as  a silk production was of great importance. I noticed that some authors were describing and compare  their love and women with silk. The power and beauty of this material inspire them.

 Preparation of silk has interesting stages that attracted me.  Silk is one of the most expensive materials.In my research I tried to find a lot of information about ways of silk production, the ways of use, history of it, types of silk and making process.

Also I found about healing properties of  spider silk, they way of recycling spider silk about the use of silk in military affairs and knitting methods.  Tried to make it to each by a few.   After I did research about oriental silk carpets.  The technique of sewing carpets. During the holidays I went to carpet museum in my country and I admired my ornaments, which tells the history and culture.

In my blog I am telling about famous and unique silk shawl which we produced in Azerbaijan in the small city Sheki where there are a lot of silk fabrics. To get more information about it I found out some open workshops stores where they produce this shawl. After my visits I understood how delicate it is and got a great pleasure. I admired by people who were doing everything by hand and work hard without any new technologies. I began to appreciate it all more.

From the fact that the number of workshops on silk getting less it  was hard to find any workshop in process. But it makes more curious about it. Also it is not easy to find reliable information from workshops, natural ink, natural silk fibers in such old places. The most problematic thing was to find anything about silk shawl kalagayi , there was not any web information about such ancient thing.

And I still regret they could not take a picture in some places where were not allowed. This ancient places and traditions make us look at the world differently.

Silk has different meaning  and  function in different cultures, I wish I could visit such places a lot. It is a great pleasure to do what you enjoy and I enjoy it much. The most experience I got in those places full of natural dyes of plant, different ornamental wood cast which made of pear, walnut trees. The most important thing is manjilig. This is a hand machinery uses to decorate kalagayi. Also I heard some fact and myths about silk and about instruments. I learnt about new plants like zirinj, sumag, dog-rose, wild rabbit apple, narinj, nazbitki which used in the difference color and shades.

 For further projects I should improve more in doing something myself, maybe testing materials dying them or pattern making. More experimental and more practical research.For this project mostly I gained information from books, web, workshops, museums and collecting leaflets from museums and shops. But mostly for research I prefer going to such places, communicate with people. It helps more than web search.

Feedback from other   help me to do everything in a right way and inspired  me to do research and you are more organize. 

“Trust me - Silk”
― David Eddings

Bibliography.

1.    Seki Kelagayisi(2011) Sheki city.Baku: Indigo

2.    Vidadi. M. (2005)Beslesen Ipek olar. Baku : Sedef

3.    biysk.ru (2010) [ Online]. Available from: http:// www.onsilk.ru/legend
www.biysk.ru/~karman/mat_vol_nat_chelk_legenda_chelk.htm

4.    superstyle.ru (2009) [ Online]. Available from: http://superstyle.ru/19jul2007/silk_

5.    mt-handels.eu (2011) [Online]. Available from: http:// www.mt-handels.eu/rus//hist

6.    youtube.com (2013) [Online]. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SyFc2FhIDP4&feature=player_detailpage 
7.    texeresik.com (2012) [Online]. Available from: https://texeresilk.com/article/silk_information_dictionary
 8.    Mary S. (2007) Silk. USA: Yale University Press

99.    Phillipa S. (2004)The Book of Silk. Singapore: St John’s Press

10.Mary J.P. (2001) Silk and Secrets.UK: Signet

Notes from lecture

Textile use - functionality

In synthetic raw materials, function is frequently added or embedded at the polymer stage through microencapsulation(the process of enclosing chemical substances in microcapsules). These functions are more durable.

For natural raw materials it is added at the yarn or fabric production stage, print etc. are added at the finishing stage.

UV Protection:

- SPF factors and ratings can be incorporated in to fabric dyes, fibres and laundry detergents. Tighter weaves and heavier weigh

ts of fabric offer more protection.

Fire and Spark resistance:

- For emergency services, military and industrial clothing and nightwear for children, 

- Carpets and upholstery must also be protected.

- Aramid, glass, carbon and wool fibres have some natural resistance.

 

 Impact resistance:

-Military, active sports and upholstery textiles.

- Branded aramid fibres of Cordura and Kevlar lead the way.

-  Protective against ballistics.

Weatherproof treatments:

- 100% cotton and pure wool can be naturally water resistant depending on the fibre type and construction of the fabric.

- Breathable laminates such as Gore-Tex are lightweight and breathable.

- Essential for outdoors sports clothing and equipment.

 - Intelligent solutions and nano-technology play a part.

 - Very tight plain weave construction.

 

 

Moisture management:

 - Working closely with weatherproof and thermal regulation areas. Important for sportswear, underwear, socks and shoes, bed linen and sports equipment.

 - Keeping skin dry.

Temperature regulation:

 - Keeping warm and staying cool.

Buoyancy and inflatables:

 - Can save lives and protect the body against sudden impact.

Antistatic protection:

 - Static electricity can cause minor discomfort or serious fires or explosions.

 - By adding a metal content to a fabric, danger can be reduced.

Reflective textiles:

 - Providing safety through higher visibility at night.

Refractive textiles:

 - A biomimetic colour shift property originally found in a hog berry plant from South America.

-Multiple layers of cells interfere with light waves as in a soap bubble.

- Morpho butterfly wings are another similar biomimetic inspiration for fibres that show colour through photonics- light interfere.

Phosphorescence:

 - Fibres trap and store energy from light and emit it as a glow.

- Non-toxic and can be incorporated into most synthetic fibres. 

- Permalight uses zinc sulphide and is commercially available as a print inc.   

Fibre optics:

 - Plastic optical fibre carries pulses of light along its length, powered by a small battery. It is a flexible, transparent fibre made of high quality plastic, slightly thicker than a human hair.

Easy care:

 - Treatments that assist in keeping a garment clean and reduce the time spent.

Comfort and ease:

 - Comfort, fit, ease of movement and crease recovery are conveyed by stretch fibres.

Aromatic agents:

 - Smells have the power to drive emotions and spur memories.

 - Scented textiles release aroma when agitated or warmed.

 - Microencapsulation traps the scented particles in the fabric. 

Antibacterial protection:

 - Antibacterial fibres and finishes assist in protecting the health of the user.

 - Useful in textiles fro underwear, bedding, footwear, sports, medical and catering products.

Insect repellency:

 - Fabric treatments can assist it in reducing the harmful effects of insects such as dust mites, particularly in bedding.

Catalytic clothing:

 - Fibres and finishes can assist in reducing harmful effects of air pollution.

Health and cosmetic benefits:

 - Treatments assist moisturizing skin and delivering active health benefits.

Conductivity:

 - It is an essential element in interactive textiles.

Monitoring and health:

 - Medical monitoring through smart garments is possible.

 - The lifeshirt can relay and record vital signs data by sensors in garments.

Monitoring and sports:

 - Monitoring through smart garments is also used in sports.

 - Allows real time interaction through activity.

 

Notes from lecture.Sustainability. Principles of Design

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
The three pillars of sustainability are:
- Society- people
- Economy- profit
- Environment- planet

Sustainabiluty principles:
- Design to minimize waste.
- Design for recycling/upcycling.
- Design to reduce chemical impacts.
- Design to reduce energy and waste use.
- Design that explores clean/better technologies.
- Design for ethical production.
- Design to replace the need to consume.
- Design that looks at models from history and nature.
- Design to dematerialize and develop systems and services.
- Design activism.

 Ingeo fibers, the world's first commercially viable synthetic fiber derived entirely from renewable resources. Ingeo fibers combine the comfortable wear and feel of natural fibers such as cotton, wool and silk with the ease of care and specialty performance of synthetics. To make Ingeo, plant starches (such as corn) are broken down into natural plant sugars. The carbon and other elements in these natural sugars are then used to make a polymer,called NatureWorks(tm) PLA. The development and manufacturing of PLA polymer relies on basic fermentation and distillation as its core chemical process, followed by simple polymerization. Once the resin is converted into a fibre, it becomes Ingeo. 

 - Where sustainable environmental performance and corporate social responsibility are being added to the factors by which a company is judged.
- Where product styles are becoming increasingly out of date, in the disposable throw away society we all inhabit.
- Where manufacturing is moving away from EU and jobs are being lost.
- Where profit margins are being reduced.
Processing:
 - Industrial processes using fabric chemicals in fibre, fabric manufacturing and finishing which are harmful to operatives and the product users.
- EU legislation has improved the local situation but apply less strict rules in low cost manufacturing areas.
- The supply chain monitoring by brands is improving but transparency is difficult in countries where the outsourcing is widespread.

Energy and effluent:
- Energy and water are used largely in a textile product’s lifecycle.
- Untreated water drainage contaminates and releases toxic pollution. Strict legislation in EU areas has improved the situation.
- Minimizing water use and introducing water- less treatment is important.
- High energy use is expensive and polluting. Local waste and resources can be used.


Water pollution:
 - A report from ‘Dirty Laundry’ that outlines the problem of toxic water pollution as a result from the released chemicals by the textiles industry in China.

- It focuses on two facilities that were discharging a range of hazardous and persistent chemicals with hormone disrupting properties. The results show a wider problem that is causing serious and immediate threats to our ecosystems and human health.

Ethical production:
- What is good for the planet is also good for the people.
- It is benefiting both the textile production and social factors.
- It is more difficult to regulate issues supporting by the textile manufacturing in low production areas.
- Banning certain practice such as child labour is not a solution. Improvements must take account of local customs and traditions. 


Production:
- Innovative methods of fabric and product manufacturing can address sustainability issues by reducing the number of processes and localizing manufacture.

The History of Silk and Silk products

More than three thousand years, China has kept the secret of this amazing material , and any attempt to remove cocoons of the country is punishable by death . According to legend, only in 550 AD two wandering monk in their staffs gouged a small hole where and hid silkworm larvae . Since silk was in Byzantium.In India, silk appeared thanks Tricks Indian king , to woo the Chinese princess and as a dowry demanded mulberry seeds and silkworm larvae . Unable to deny the groom , princess hid seeds and larvae in hair and exported from the country.Greater demand for silk from Europe was the beginning of the Great Silk Road . Appeared in the Roman Empire , silk was so expensive that valued its weight in gold, and was often used as currency in trade, and was allowed to wear it only very rich people . Emperor Julius Caesar showed his power so that the triumphal entry into Rome ordered to pull on precious silk cloth awnings .In Europe, flowing and gentle to the touch silk clothing valued not only for their beauty and durability , but also for other equally important quality - it not start insects hassled at that time even the nobles , not sin overly neat .In the 15th century in France, bed lovers were made silk fabrics - it was believed that silk love multiplies force. But the fashion of silk underwear for the first time introduced the notorious Marquis de Pompadour.Weightless finest silk is prized for its unique properties and has long been surrounded by an aura of mystery . At all times, people admired the silk production . And to this day , this " light as a cloud " and " clear ice " tissue is considered an attribute of good taste and luxury.

Interesting fact
 Silk thread has a truly awesome strength, it can withstand a lot of pressure and very strong to break . Tear silk thread is not inferior to steel in the same diameter, and not so long ago, it was found that 16 layers of silk withstand a bullet from a Magnum 357 ( with lead core ) .In the products of silk dust mite does not start . This property shall silk sericin . Sericin (from Lat . Sericum - silk) , silk glue , sticky silk protein . Most of it is washed away during processing ( washing ) of silk in hot water , but what remains is enough for what would withstand the appearance of dust mite . Due to this property , silk hypoallergenic and recommended for people suffering from allergic reactions to house dust mite .Distinguish silk from non- natural , you can use test " for burning ." As in the case of wool from the burning silk unpleasant smell , and if you remove the source of fire , the material ceases to burn, and then the string itself crumbles to ashes.In bleaching silk should be very careful - it can dissolve , but the whiter the thread , the silk is cleaner and better.
 

The Dictionary of silk

https://texeresilk.com/article/silk_information_dictionary

Silk in poetry

Be in my hands heavenly silk,
Intricate light of the sun and the moon, Clear, dim or dark silk
Starless night, sun and moon,
I would silk spread out at your feet,

But I - poor, and only my dreams,
And I have spread my dreams under your feet,
Go easy, you tread on my dreams ...

William Butler Yeats, from the source, "He dreams of celestial silks"

Legends about silk.

1.First secret of silk manufacture was discovered in China five thousand years ago .An ancient legend says that once the 14 -year-old Xi Ling Chi, the third wife of Emperor Huang Di , who was also called " Yellow Emperor " in the garden of the palace under the crown of the mulberry tree and drank tea in her cup of tea from the tree fell silkworm cocoon .Young Empress and her maids were very surprised to see how hot water cocoon began to unfold , releasing a thin silk thread . Intrigued , she began to observe the unfolding of a cocoon .Si Ling Chi was so impressed by the beauty and strength of silk thread that attracted thousands of them cocoons and woven clothes emperor .So tiny butterfly silkworm silk gave all mankind , and the Empress , in gratitude for such a valuable gift was elevated to the rank of a deity.

 

2. " According to one legend, the beautiful , the larvae of the silkworm came from China due to Bukhara ( here it is, feminine guile !) Chinese princess .Princess was probably much in love with her ​​fiance , the ruler of Bukhara, just decided to give him a gift .It is not enough that she risked their lives like any ordinary smuggler !
Unpleasant and quite moving larvae were hidden in a complex and sophisticated wedding hairstyle Chinese princess .Can you imagine getting married with maggots in their hair as a decoration ! Just a horror movie.Show me a woman who is without a shudder of disgust and will make the IS with his head! Oh, the great power of love! "

3. 
Uzbeks have its own version of the origin of silk.  

In one version of the ancient legend , the origin of silk was associated with Joby prophet ( peace be upon him ) . An old legend says : Satan burned the house Jobe . Wife had nowhere to cook and nothing to feed her husband. To buy bread, she cut and sold her beautiful long hair . Shaitan went on to mock the righteous man , calling his wife ugly . Jobe patiently endured devilish mockery . Then Satan sent down worms, have covered the body Jobe and his wife , but again only Jobe thanked God for the fact that they are still alive . God created source Chashma Ayub ( holy place in Bukhara ) , commanded Jobe and his wife bathe in it and said that if the last throw worms into the water, their wishes come true . Jobe threw the first worm into the water with the words : "Be cotton ." Threw the second , saying : "Be the silk ." Threw the third and said, "Be holy water , heal others ."

Myths and useful information about silk

Three myths about silkPermissibly luxury or 3 myth of natural silk .Myth 1 . Silk is very difficult to distinguish from unnatural .
This is not so . Only need to take a lighter ! Stretching a few strings of fabric you are interested , you incinerate them ( being careful not to burn the whole store ) and immediately sniff - it should smell singed horn or wool. Polyester unlike silk melts and viscose smolders and smells of burnt paper. Clotted lump silk can grind in the fingers, like an ordinary coal . That's it. Any reputable fabric store you will spend this simple examination.Myth 2 . Silk is expensive.
That is not quite true. $ 100 per square meter can cost silk -known European designers, but in this case you pay for the name and fashionable design . Material itself of silkworm cocoons (bombix mori) in Russia can cost anywhere from 10 to $ 70 depending on the density and texture. Tissues such as habotai , excelsior , gas -chiffon , crepe de chine and thin atlases for hand painting can not be expensive because most artists need a cheap material ( 150-450 p). Of these tissues also sew expensive linens, accessories, etc. So it is safe to say that the silk and silk clothing began in Russia the permissible luxury.Myth 3 . Silk is always smooth, shiny and slippery.
My neighbor bought a silk bedding and tells me - " waste of money ! Throughout the night rolled off the bed ! ". Silk satin really has a smooth surface , which, however, after washing in the washing machine drum becomes more like a gentle husky ( This trick does not pass with polyester or viscose ) . And then of silk fabrics have a brand -slip and much more suitable for bedding : crepe de chine (you can do the sheets on elastic, silk crepe gives elasticity and small and along the diagonal ) , wet silk (or silk with peach skin effect ) - is the best ideal for those who do a lot of tossing and turning during sleep. This delicate matte fabric is not so easy to pull off the mattress.
And from several secrets of natural silk .


wild silk
This silk is not unwound from the cocoon of the silkworm and cocoon schesyvayut with oak (or wild ) moth , so it looks more like a linen or wool. Has excellent water absorbency - the ability to absorb moisture , strength and sometimes has dark blotches , which gives it charm ethnic antiquity. Therefore, the average density of wild silk is very popular among those who are fond of martial arts. Wild silk is good in hot weather of it obtained great shirts and shorts in the style of "safari" . Tk this kind of fabric dye and bleach rarely it is very suitable for clothing for moms and kids, as well as for people with allergies and with the problem of excessive sweating . There is " absolutely wild " rough silk type " mat " with a density of 200 g \ m2 and a width of 2 m long for the interior, but more on that later. Very good for painting in ethnic style (except cold batik technique ) . Edge of wild silk (if poncho or stole ) - you can not sew , but simply " obdergat ." It turns out very cute fringe .Imperial silk

There is also one kind of silk fabric , which allows you to wear in ancient China, only the emperor. This silk laid out on the river in the province of Su- Zhou , smeared with mud and algae from the bottom of that river and kept under the scorching sun exactly 14 days ( half of the lunar cycle ) . Silk painting algae has two sides - black and brown underside of the front ( velvety and pleasant to the body) and has unique properties : soothes psoriasis .
Expectant mothers
Responds very well to silk clothes , bed sheet - irritation of the skin become less noticeable , the child falls asleep faster , feeling soft and warm touch of silky material . We recommend using unpainted crepe de chine , atlases, and silk effect " peach skin " . For children older than two years , you can use the same wild silk . All kinds of silk are very strong positive energy , so not only children but also beremennyzh women , we recommend using a silk undershirt ( home ) clothes.Silk for scarves and bandanas
To scarf slipping off the hair , it is best to make crepe georgette or chiffon.Women's underwear and indoor clothing
Lingerie and home wear certainly better weave or satin jacquard , but if you manage to get silk jersey , you can not limit your imagination - this material is unique, with or without lycra , solid or semi-transparent , it is suitable for underwear and for turtlenecks , evening dress and accessories .corsetry
Corsetry stitched silk - not only luxury elite class , but surprisingly practical and necessary thing . Corsets inner layer modeling figure made ​​of silk satin , jacquard or tuali gives the skin a chance to breathe and get rid of excess moisture. The outer layer is made ​​of silk brocade , taffeta or DuPont stretched in tightening and socks and makes a lasting impression ! This corset will be a long , never cause hot flashes and burning in his mistress .
sewing
For those who sew outerwear and leather goods do not need to talk about that silk lining shows the high -class products . Usually this is the most slippery silk types - Jacquard (sometimes called small firms report, this can always be ordered from major suppliers lye ) , satin or taffeta thin chameleon . And for elegant peignoir no better combination than a silk chiffon, trimmed with fur.Recently there was a silk taffeta with waterproof impregnated jacket , coat and topcoat coat with fur lining. It is similar to an artificial material , but still burning smell singed horn. For those who also knits a lot of interesting material in the silk industry .Silk interior

And finally - one of the hottest topics for silk - environmentally friendly interior. Silk can be used for walls and ceilings (tightening the perimeter , wrapping , stretching on grommet drapery , etc.). And, of course , for decorating windows and bedrooms . Aforementioned silk mat has sufficient width , wood density and amazing texture. White silk habotai can be used for walls and ceilings , simulating evroshtukaturku (and much cheaper !) . The walls breathe and get positive energy natural material. The same can be painted habotai hand and pulling on the frame , tiled walls and stained glass windows and silk panels . In combination with silk linen you get interior "SILK NATIVE"
Information professionals , decorating restaurants and nightclubs if in silk fabric poke lit cigarette is lit and will not smolder as viscose, will not melt , drip flashing and as polyester . Formed round hole and all ! Silk - the safest material for the big " get-togethers " and meets the requirements for fire safety , as no other material . But there is silk and the minus - he hesitates . Although there are kinds of silk fabric woven from threads of increased twist that do not crease - this crepe georgette and chiffon . To date, this feature can give things sewn silk , special chic and demonstrate natural fabrics. In any case the marking "NATURAL SILK" credible to any buyer , and every year more and more fashion designers and decorators use silk and copyright and delights in mass production.

The Kalagayi- silk shawl

 

 Sheki Silk Kerchief.
Because of insufficiency of written information, one  can't say exact production date of silk kerchief.
China. Economic, cultural relations with Eastern peoples by means of GREAT SILK way along
centuries caused to becoming of silk to our people's national resources. The cities of Nakhchivan, Ordubad, Shusha, Ganja, Shamakhi, Sheki became ancient handicraft center of Azerbaijan. Besides other field of silkworm breeding, also heritage of Sharbaflig was founded. Importing of silk from China to Azerbaijan commenced since 2 thousands years.
Besides so assortment of silk, knitting of silk kerchief was highly developed in Sheki. Knitting of silk kerchief and deciration of them with other ornamental method were its specific specificity and characteristic. Sheki Sharbafs (who making silk kerchief) had used hand machinery manjilig silk and factory machinery Davel silk.

 Silk production by means of Manjilik hand machinery was continued up to 30th years of 20 centuries. Among the production equipment of silk kerchief, various ornamental wood casts takes important place. One can meet with different assortment of casts made from pear , walnut trees, other big and little assotments of them.

 Descriptions of rose being goddess of flowers always were given in kerchief selvage being beautiful craft kerchiefs prepared by public craftmen and in wide interim selvage. It would be naturally to paint kerchief considering symbol of weakness and calmness, being slight than air, luxury as adoring as being. Saraghan, vaghan being morass plants, asnarak (ispirak), sandal, sumag, zirinj, dog-rose, wild rabbit apple, narinj, nazbitki, yellow ginger, saffron are ussed in the difference color and shades. Merchants wre bringing transit goods directly to Shaki being main silk trade center concerning with Sarbaf, they were dividing them to the shops and nearby regions from there.

There is a regularity in the art of carpet colors . The variety of colors used in carpets , not to look like . They are also people's health and mood is also affected . Conformity between the different colors created by nature , relevance , though, does not always match the colors were synthesized in a simulated environment .
Thousands of flowers , grass, shrubs , tree species , where there is touching the lands Gasimushagi " Gasimushagi carpets" of the cesnisi a few colors , but their compatibility with each other , and quite properly chosen skill .
All villages in the state, including Gasimushagi yarn ( wool, silk and cotton ) treated with concentrated sour cherry lavasasının solution for asqarlamaq laid back . Sour solid substance ( plum , cranberry juice ) would be used if there is no bean gum . Were guaranteed to receive the same color quality .

There is a regularity in the art of carpet colors . The variety of colors used in carpets , not to look like . They are also people's health and mood is also affected . Conformity between the different colors created by nature , relevance , though, does not always match the colors were synthesized in a simulated environment .
Thousands of flowers , grass, shrubs , tree species , where there is touching the lands Gasimushagi " Gasimushagi carpets" of the cesnisi a few colors , but their compatibility with each other , and quite properly chosen skill .
All villages in the state, including Gasimushagi yarn ( wool, silk and cotton ) treated with concentrated sour cherry lavasasının solution for asqarlamaq laid back . Sour solid substance ( plum , cranberry juice ) would be used if there is no bean gum . Were guaranteed to receive the same color quality .

carpet tools.

The Azerbaijani carpet has experienced a long history. In carpet patterns the people embodied its artistic talents,philosophic outlooks, and spiritual notions about beauty.

İnformation on Azerbaijani carpets can be found in various historical sources written by the ancient Greek historians Heredotus and Xenophon (5th c. B.C.), the Caucasian Albanian historian Moises Kalankatuski (7th c. B.C.), the Chinese traveller Xuan Tes-Ank, the Arabian travelers Al-Movsudi, Al-Mugaddasi, and Al-Istehri.

Carpet weaving is closely connected with the daily life and customs of the communities involved, its role reflected in the meaning of the designs and their applications. Thus, girls seated on carpets tell fortunes and sing traditional songs at Novruz (the regional New Year). The carpet is widely used for home furniture and decoration, and special carpets are woven for medical treatment, for wedding ceremonies, the birth of a child, mourning rituals and prayer.

As early as the Midlle Ages, Azerbaijani carpets were exported to foreign markets. In the 14th century they were exported to Europe. The carpets were represented in canvas by İtalian, Dutc and Flemish painters of the 14th-18th cc., for example, in Hans Memling's "Maria with the Child" and the Hans Holbein's "Ambassadors" (16th c.); Carlo Crivello's "Announcement" (15 th c.). In these paintings Karabakh, Ganja, and Kazakh carpets are represented. Today many museums of the world are in possession of Azerbaijani carpets.

The Azerbaijani carpet is a traditional handmade textile of various sizes, with dense texture and a pile or pile-less surface, whose patterns are characteristic of Azerbaijan's many carpet-making regions.